Pedal structure for educational airplane-cockpit outfits



5. GOLD 2,331,605

PEDAL STRUGTUREFOR EDUCATIONAL AIRPLANE COCKPI'I' OUTFIT 2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

0rigina .l Fi1ed oct. so, 1942 INVENTOR v 5am G OZd & 1 I

ATTORNE W Oct. 12, 1943. 5. GOLD 2,331,605

PEDAL STRUCTURE FOR EDUCATIONAL AIRPLANE COCKPIT OUTFIT Original Filed Oct. 30, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I I \i 1 95 92 INVENTOR Sam Gold ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 12, 1943 umreo STATES PATENT OFFICE Sam Gold, Chicago, Ill.,. assignor to Einson-"' Freeman 00., Inc.,.Long" Island City, N Y., a corporation of Delaware ori inal application October so, 1942, Serial No.

463,955. Divided and this apnlicationAnri 22 1943, Serial No. 483,991 H s 7 Claims. (01. 35-12) My present invention relates generally to cardboard structures, and has particular reference'to a collapsible or knock-down structure intended primarily to constitute one of the elements of may be soconstruoted as to. be readily. adjustable from a completely ollapsed or knockedrdowni c ndition to anop rativ set-up ond n, and vice-versa, the: manipulations required being in an educational outfit. c each case of, an extremely simple nature, and This application is a division of my co-pending the, set-upstructure being of unusual staunch. patent application, Serial No. 463,955, filed Ocnessand durability. I j s v tober30, 1942.. .1 a Iachieve the foregoing objects and advantages, Ageneral object of the educational outfit, as especially with respect to the rudder-pedal, and set forth more fully in said co-pending applicasuch-other objects and advantages as may heretion, is to provide, in the, form of relatively in-' inafterappear or be pointed out, in the manner expensive cardboard structures, a highlyeffecillustratively exemplified in the accompanying tive means for simulating certain important parts drawings in which I V V 1 of an actual airplane cockpit, and the relation- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the elements ships of such parts to one another, the strucof the educationaloutfit shownin set upcondi5 ,tures being primarily intended for conjoint use tion and in cooperative relationship; I and being of such relative sizes that a student Figure 2 is a perspective view of a rudderwill be enabled to experience some of the basic pedal structures 1 problems confronting an actual flier. A v c Figure 3 is a'. cross-sectional view taken sub;

More particularly, the educational outfit com- 5 stantially along the line 3-3 of Figure 2; f prises structures which simulate, respectively, the Figure 41s a bottom view of the rudder-pedal instrument-panel, the wheel-control, and the in set-up condition; r rudder-pedals of an airplane cockpit; and it is Figure 5 is a side view of the same; and contemplated that a student sitting before the Figured is a planview'of the blank of which instrument-panel with his-hands on the wheel- Itherudder-pedal is composed. control and his feet on the pedals will thus be While the rudder-pedalls a separate and inlsubiected to conditions simulating those which dependent structure useful by itself, either as a obtain in an actual cockpit. This experience, toy or as an educational device, it is contemplated augmented by suitable instruction, either in a that-its primary utility will reside in its. em classroom or otherwise, enables the student not so ployment as an element of the educational outfit only to acquire a better understanding of the shown in Figure 1. "Itis contemplated that the controls and instruments involved in flying an structures entering into this outfit shall be tim airplane, but also to experience and develop a lized in the illustrative manner indicated. Ihav'e familiarity with the coordination between in shown a table upon which an instrument panel strument readings and hand and foot movements structure 3| may be set up, sothat the front of which is called for under varying conditions of it is approximately at the level of the eyes of a actual'fiight. 7 student who would seat himself upon the chair This divisionel patent application has particu- 32. The wheel-control structure comprises a post lar reference to the rudder-pedals, which are so portion 33 and a wheel element 34', the post pordesigned that foot pressure may be realistically tion havinga specially shaped lower end35 adaptapplied against a yieldable resilience, thus simued to abut against the forward edge 36 of the lating the feel of actual rudder-pedals. chair 32. The rudder-pedal structures 31 would The rudder-pedal structure, like the other cardbe set up on the floor in the approximate relaboard structures forming elements of the educationships shown. tional outfit, has numerous detailed features The structural details of a preferred form of which are new and useful, not only from the rudder-pedal are shown in Figures 2-6. standpoint of construction, but also from the 'The rudd r-p da i p e a y p s d f a standpoint of simplified and inexpensive manusingle blank of fiat cardboard stock, an illustrafacture. Among these features is a special cletion of this element being shown at 86 in Figure 6.- sign of the rudder-pedal structure Which im- A central substantially rectangular panel 81 is parts to it the desired yieldability and resilience provided with laterally extending portions. Bewithout requiring the use of any spring or other tween the hinge lines 88 and 89 a panel is formed extraneous elements. which is substantially triangular in shape. A Moreover, the rudder-pedal is composed of a shnilar panel is formed between the hinge lines 90 minimum amount of flat cardboard material, and and Bi on the opposite side of the main panel 81.

Secured to the hinge line 89 is a part 92 having a slot 93 therein, and secured to the hinge line 9| is a part 94 provided with an attachment tab 5.

By folding the parts rearwardly along the hinge lines 88-9l, the parts 92 and 94 are brought into superposed relationship beneath the main panel 81, and when the tab 95 is engaged with the slot 93, a tubular structure is formed having a bottom portion adapted to rest on the floor, and an elevated foot-receiving portion. h portion is formed conjointly by the superposed parts 92 and 94. The foot-receiving portion is constituted of the main panel 81. Between these portions are triangular side connection portions.

The resultant structure is of a character in which the foot-receiving portion and supporting The supporting portion converge forwardly when the structure is set up and ready for use, as shown most clearly in Figures 1 and 2.

To permit the foot-receiving portion to be depressed, tosimulate the action of an actual rudder-pedal, each of the side connecting portions is constructed in a collapsible manner, and this is preferably accomplished by providing each side connecting portion with at least one longitudinal pleat whose wings move closer together or further apart as the portion 81 is depressed or released. I have illustratively shown a construction in which each of the side connecting portions is provided with a middle fold line 96 thereby forming an inwardly turned pleat. The cardboard at the hinge lines 88-9l and along the folds 96 is caused to have a sufiicient inherent resilience to yieldably resist a collapse of the side connecting portions when the foot-receiving portion 81 is depressed. Accordingly, a Structure is provided which simulates, in a unique manner, the yieldable resistance which an actual rudder-pedal presents, and this desirable result is accomplished by an extremely simple cardboard structure which is totally devoid of any extraneous springs or other parts.

In dot-and-dash lines in Figures 3 and 5, I have indicated the relative positions of the parts when the rudder-pedal is depressed. When the'pressure is released, the inherent resilience of the cardboard restores the rudder-pedal to its normal position.

In general, it will be understood that the details herein described and illustrated may be modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims. It is therefore intended that these details be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A cardboard structure which simulates a rudder-pedal of an airplane cockpit, comprising a substantially tubular structure having a bottom supporting portion adapted to rest on the floor, and an elevated depressible foot-receiving portion, said tubular structure having collapsible side connecting portions hingedly arranged between the bottom supporting portion and the elevated foot-receiving portion, the hinge lines hav ing sufficient inherent resilience to yieldably resist collapse of said side connecting portions.

2; A knock-down cardboard structure which, when set up, simulates a rudder-pedal of an airplane cockpit, comprising an element formed of fiat cardboard stock foldable into a tubular structure having a bottom supporting portion adapted to rest on the floor, and an elevated depressible foot-receiving portion.

3. A knock-down cardboard structure which, when set up, simulates a rudder-pedal of an airplane cockpit, comprising an element formed of fiatcardboard stock foldable into a tubular structure having a bottom supporting portion adapted to rest on the floor, and an elevated depressible foot-receiving portion, said portions lying in planes which converge forwardly so that the footreceiving portion is inclined to the horizontal when the structure is set up and used.

4. A knock-down cardboard structure which, when set up, simulates a rudder-pedal of an airplane cockpit, comprising a bottom supporting portion adapted to rest on the floor, an elevated depressible foot-receiving portion arranged at an angle thereto, and collapsible side connecting portions, each of said portions being formed of flat cardboard stock.

5. A knock-down cardboard structure as set forth in claim 4, each of said side connecting portions being hinged to the corresponding side edges of the supporting and foot-receiving portions respectively, and all of said portions being parts of a single normally flat element provided with fold lines defining said hinges.

6. A knock-down cardboard structure as set forth in claim 4, each of said side connecting portions having at least one longitudinal pleat whose wings move closer together or further apart as the foot-receiving portion is depressed or released.

7. A knock-down cardboard structure as set forth in claim 4, each of said side connecting portions being hinged to the corresponding side edges of the supporting and foot-receiving portions, respectively, and being provided with at least one longitudinal pleat, the cardboard at the hinge lines and at the fold of said pleat having sufiicient inherent resilience to yieldably resist collapse of said side connecting portions when the foot-receiving portion is depressed.

SAM GOLD. 

